Oomycota
heterokont (hetero-, "different" + -kont, "?")
Oomycota (oo-, "egg" + -mycota, "fungus")
whiplash flagellum: a naked flagellum
tinsel flagellum: one with mastigonemes
mastigoneme (mastigo-, "whip" + -neme, "thread")
isogamy (iso-, "same, equal" + -gamy, "gametes")
oogamy (oo-, "egg" + -gamy, "gamete")
anisogamy (an-, "not" + -iso-, "same, equal" + -gamy, "gametes")
oogonium [pl. oogonia] (oo-, "egg" + -gon-, to procreate", + -ium, suffix for a noun)
antheridium [pl. antheridia] (antherid- "like a [male part of a] flower", + -ium, suffix for a noun)
Saprolegniales
Saprolegnia (sapro-, "rotted" + -legnia, "border" -- a "halo of rottenness")
saprobe (sapro-, "rotted" + bios, "life")
hypha [pl. hyphae] (Gk. "web"):
mycelium [pl. mycelia] (myc-, "fungus" + -el-, "little", + -ium, suffix for a noun)
coenocytic (coeno-, "common, together, joint" + -cyt-, "cell", + -ic, suffix for an adjective)
zoospore (zoo-, "animal" + -spore)
zoosporangium [pl. zoosporangia] (zoo-, "animal" + -sporangium)
Peronosporales
Albugo (from L. alba, "white")
haustorium (from Gk. hauster, "one who drinks")
Phytophthora infestans (phyto-, "plant" + -phthora, "destroyer" + infestans, "infesting")
Heterokont algae and the Chrysophyta
eyespot
stigma
flagellar swelling
phototaxis (photo-, "light" + -taxis, "orientation")
fucoxanthin (fuco-, "alga" + -xanth-, "yellow" + -in, suffix for a molecule) [a yellowish pigment found in algae]
laminarin (after the brown alga Laminaria )
chrysolaminarin (chryso-, "golden" + -laminarin) [a form of laminarin isolated from chrysophytes]
chloroplast endoplasmic reticulum (CER):
Chrysophyta (chryso-, "golden" + -phyta, "plant [phylum name]")
siliceous scales (siliceous = made of silica, or glass)
lorica (Latin for "scabbard")
statocyst (stato-, "still, unmoving" + -cyst)
oligotrophic (oligo-, "few, poorly" + -troph-, "to feed" + -ic, suffix for an adjective) [poorly fed; describes a lake, etc.]
eutrophic (eu-, "true, well" + -troph-, "to feed" + -ic, suffix for an adjective) [well fed; describes a lake, etc.]
Bacillariophyta (bacillario-, "shaped like a rod" + -phyta, "plant [division name]")
diatom (dia-, "across, through" + -tom , "cut")
frustule
valve
girdle band
epivalve (epi-, "top" + -valve)
hypovalve (hypo-, "lower" + -valve)
Pennales: order of pennate diatoms
Centrales: order of centric diatoms
raphe (L., "seam")
auxospore (auxo-, "to grow, increase" + -spore)
domoic acid: a diatom toxin
plankton (Gk., wanderer")
periphyton (peri- "on the surface" + -phyton, "plant"): plants (especially algae) that grow on a surface, e.g., rocks, mud, other plants
diatomaceous earth
Phaeophyta (phaeo-, "brown" + -phyta, "plant [division name]")
thallus (Gk., "sprout")
unicellular (uni-, "single, one" + -cellular)
colonial
filamentous
parenchyma (Gk. "visceral flesh"; para-, "beside", + -en-, "in" + -chyma, "poured": poured in beside [the cells are packed closely])
parenchymatous
pseudoparenchymatous (pseudo-, "false" + -parenchymatous)
pyrenoid (pyreno-, "pit, stone of a fruit" + -id, "like")
fibrillar (adj. form of fibril)
amorphous (a-, "not" + -morph-, "form, shape" + -ous, suffix for an adjective)
alginate (alg-, "alga" + -in-, suffix for a molecule, + -ate, suffix for an acid): a.k.a., algin or alginic acid
plasmodesma [pl. plasmodesmata] (plamso-, "having to do with cytoplasm", + -desma, "link, band")
alternation of generations: a.k.a. a diplohaplontic life cycle
sporophyte (sporo-, "spore" + -phyte, "plant"): a diploid thallus that produces spores
gametophyte (gam-, "gamete" + -phyte, "plant"): a haploid thallus that produces gametes
isomorphic (iso-, "same" + -morph-, "form, shape" + -ic, suffix for an adj.)
heteromorphic (hetero-, "different" + -morph-, "form, shape" + -ic, suffix for an adjective)
plurilocular (pluri-, "multiple" + -locul-, "place" + -ar, suffix for an adjective)
unilocular (uni-, "one, single" + -locul-, "place" + -ar, suffix for an adjective)
sporangium [pl. sporangia] (spor-, "seed" + -angium, "vessel"): a place where spores are made
gametangium [pl. gametangia] (gamet-, "gamete" + -angium, "vessel"): a place where gametes are made
pheromone (phero-, "to bring" + -mone, from "hormone"): a chemical messenger with target cells in another individual
kelp
holdfast
stipe
blade
pneumatocyst
meristem (from Gk. meristos, meri-, "divided, part"): place in a thallus where cell division and growth occurs
cuticle: the thicker layer of the amorphous component of the cell wall that occurs on the external surface of the thallus
meristoderm (meristo-, from "meristem" + -derm, "skin")
cortex (L. "bark" general term for an outer part, surrounding a medulla)
medulla (general term for an inner part, surrounded by a cortex)
sieve cell
sieve plate
apical (adj. of "apex", tip)
Chytridiomycota
Zygomycota (zygo-, "yoked, joined" + -mycota, "fungus [phylum name]")
Ascomycota (asco-, "sac" + -mycota, "fungus [phylum name]")
Basidiomycota (basidio-, "club" + -mycota, "fungus [phylum name]")
Deuteromycota (deutero-, "second" + -mycota, "fungus [phylum name]")
saprobe
chitin
spindle pole body
septum (pl. septa)
septate
mycorrhiza (pl. mycorrhizae) (myco-, "fungus" + -rrhiza, "root")
stolon (Gk. "branch, sucker")
rhizoid (rhizo-, "root" + -id, "like")
conidium [pl. conidia] (Gk., "fine dust")
conidiophore (conidio- + -phore, "to bear")
parenthosome (from "parenthesis")
sporangiophore (sporangio-, "sporangium" + -phore, "to bear")
sporangium [pl. sporangia] (spor-, "seed" + -angium, "vessel"): a place where spores are made
sporangiospore (sporangio-, "sporangium" + -spore): a spore made in a sporangium
homothallic (homo-, "same" + -thall-, "thallus" + -ic, suffix for an adjective)
heterothallic (hetero-, "different" + -thall-, "thallus" + -ic, suffix for an adjective)
gametangium [pl. gametangia] (gamet-, "gamete" + -angium, "vessel"): a place where gametes are made or held
zygosporangium [pl. zygosporangia] (zygo-, "yoked, joined" + -sporangium)
Rhizopus (rhizo-, "root" + -pus, "foot")
dikaryotic (di-, "two" + -karyo-, "nucleus" + -ic, adjectival suffix): having hyphae with two genetically different kinds of nuclei
monokaryotic (mono-, "one" + -karyo-, "nucleus" + -ic, adjectival suffix): having hyphae with only one kind of nucleus
ascus [pl. asci] (Gk. "sac")
ascospore (asco-, "sac" + -spore)
ascoma [pl. ascomata] (asc-, "sac" + -oma, "growth")
ascogonium
antheridium [pl. antheridia] (antherid- "like a [male part of a] flower", + -ium, suffix for a noun)
trichogyne (tricho-, "hair" + -gyne, "female")
ascogenous hyphae (asco- + -gen-, "source, origin of" + -ous, suffix for an adjective )
hymenium (Gk. hymen, "membrane"): the portion of the ascoma that contains the asci and produces ascospores
paraphysis [pl. paraphyses] (para-, "beside" + -physis, "to bring forth" [i.e., something that grows beside]): the sterile, monokaryotic hyphae in the hymenium that grow beside the asci
apothecium (apo-, "away" + -thecium, "to put, store" [literally, storehouse, apothecary])
perithecium (peri-, "surrounding, enclosing" + -thecium, "to put, store")
cleistothecium (cleisto-, "closed" + -thecium, "to put, store")
primary mycelium
secondary mycelium
hymenium (Gk. hymen, "membrane"): the portion of the basidioma that contains the basidia and produces basidiospores
clamp connection
basidioma [pl. basidiomata] (basidi-, "club" + -oma, "growth")
basidium [pl. basidia] (L., "club" )
basidiospore (basidio-, "club" + -spore)
sterigma [pl. sterigmata] (Gk., "support")
Hymenomycetes (hymeno-, "membrane"[referring to hymenium] + -myctes, "fungus [class name]")
Gasteromycetes (gastero-, "stomach, belly" + -mycetes, "fungus [class name]")
Teliomycetes (telio-, "last"[referring to their final teliospores] + -mycetes, "fungus [class name]")
pileus (L. "mushroom cap")
stipe (L. "tree trunk")
universal veil
gleba (L. "clod, lump")
peridium
Fungal ecology and econonomic importance
Entomophtora (entomo-, "insect" + -phthora, "destroyer")
ergot
ergotism
sclerotium [pl. sclerotia] (sclerot-, "hard, dried up" + -ium, suffix for a noun)
endophyte (endo-, "in, inside" + -phyte, "plant")
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